Europe
Eurozone banks’ TLTRO repayments are below market expectations
Slow pace of repayments may hamper ECB policy normalisation, some analysts say
ECB joins ‘Gaia-X’ data and cloud network project
Initiative aims to build a European data ecosystem to boost “digital sovereignty”
ECB’s policy rate should reach 2% in December, Villeroy de Galhau says
Banque de France governor says “jumbo” rate hikes “will not become a new habit”
ECB warns array of risks threatens financial system
Luis de Guindos calls on governments to avoid fiscal policies running against tighter monetary policy
Climate change may have serious effects on natural rate – ECB paper
Monetary policy may need more flexibility to deal with climate and green transition, researchers say
ECB’s Panetta warns tighter policy could inflict unnecessary damage
Monetary policy could permanently reduce potential output, argues ECB board member
Banknote volumes and values rose among most central banks
Most recent estimates show volume and value of circulating notes rising in 2022
ECB eases securities lending limits to address collateral shortage
Governing council aims to provide “backstop for the euro area repo markets”
Banks receive widely varying volumes of damaged cash
Central banks share data on values and volumes of mutilated currency
Most jurisdictions have not withdrawn denominations in past five years
Thirty-two central banks have an average of six denominations in circulation
Central bank boards most often make decisions on banknote imagery
Banknotes image types vary from recognised figures to natural phenomena
Greener energy mix would foster price stability, says Lagarde
More use of renewables would reduce chance of energy price spikes
Majority of central banks have access-to-cash policies
More than two-fifths require a minimum level of cash services from banks
Central bank assets enjoy ‘99%’ immunity
Why central bank assets possess legal immunity – but not from sanctions
Lagarde says ECB may need to tighten above neutral rate
ECB president confirms central bank will announce QT plans in December
Counterfeit banknotes removed from circulation average $425,000
UV ink and intaglio printing are most common security features
Banknotes generally have at least one aid for visually impaired
Raised inks are most common feature, followed by making denominations different sizes
ECB sets 2024 climate change deadline for big eurozone banks
Most ECB-supervised banks failing to implement climate change plans, Elderson says
Few central banks use big data tools to forecast currency demand
Forecasting is very common, while few expect big changes in currency needs for 2023
Banknote contagion measures reduced in 2022
Participating institutions say coronavirus has shaped currency demand
Eurozone inflation reaches new record of 10.7%
Energy is main driver, but inflation is rising in all sectors, Eurostat figures show
BdF to achieve 1.5°C climate goals by 2026, governor says
De Galhau calls for mandatory climate disclosure, green capital requirements and collective ecological governance
Paper-based banknotes still outnumber polymer substrates
Most banks do not plan adoption of new substrates
ERM’s 1992 crisis offers lessons for today, academics say
Barry Eichengreen, Maurice Obstfeld and Richard Portes discussed “accident waiting to happen”