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Governors still lack immunity
Benchmarks data gives mixed picture on the protections officials can expect from criminal and civil actions
Independence lower where central banks face legal issues
Financial independence a bigger problem where central banks say law is inappropriately worded
Pensions and staff morale least likely to constitute staffing challenge
Degree of concern varies by size of central bank
Majority of central banks posted profit in last year
Largest share of profit-makers have no dividend-sharing contract with government
Half of central banks prohibit senior officials’ shareholdings
Minority of respondents working to adopt other internal policies
Inter-bank working groups
Facilitating connections between central bankers across the globe to promote the exchange of expertise and support collaboration.
Upcoming meetings include: Cyber risk management, social media in communications and upgrading forecast models.
Model banks
Risk Management Benchmarks 2026 – model banks analysis
Communications Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Monetary Policy Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Reserve Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Financial Stability Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Supervision Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Payments Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Strategic Planning Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Governance Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Fintech Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Risk Management Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Economics Benchmarks 2024 – model banks analysis
Charts
Digital money adoption
Overall, more jurisdictions expect to see central bank digital currency widely circulated in the next 5–10 than private forms of digital money. But where central banks lack a legal mandate to issue CBDC, the picture changes and stablecoins are more often seen as being set for wide adoption.
For the full breakdown, use the benchmarking service’s interactive charts to explore the data.
Reports
Fintech Benchmarks 2026 report – the digital asset race
Risk Management Benchmarks 2026 report – tracking op risk
Cross-Benchmarks Staffing Report 2025: tackling shortages
Communications Benchmarks 2025 report – getting social
Cross-Benchmarks AI Report 2025: a question of creative destruction
Monetary Policy Benchmarks 2025 report – risk-based policy
Reserve Benchmarks 2025 report – tariff realignment?
Financial Stability Benchmarks 2025 report – the threat from tariffs
Supervision Benchmarks 2025 report – digital oversight
Payments Benchmarks 2025 report – cross-border connections
Strategic Planning Benchmarks 2025 report – charting a path
Fintech Benchmarks 2026 report – the digital asset race
Benchmarks highlight divergent views on CBDC, stablecoins and tokenisation
Non-executive directors earn five times less than governors
NEDs work an average of 14 hours weekly, Governance Benchmarks 2026 find
Boards with salary-setting duties have largest membership
Greatest number of non-execs appointed by government
Roughly 40% of central banks lack a monetary policy committee
Governing boards remain widely responsible for setting overall strategy